Objective:To investigate the correlation between fasting plasma glucose(FPG),body composition and gestational di-abetes mellitus(GDM)in early pregnancy,and to provide reference for early screening of GDM.Methods:The clinical data of 100 pa-tients with GDM(GDM group)were retrospectively analyzed,and 100 healthy pregnant women who received prenatal examination were selected as the control group.The differences of FPG and body composition indexes in early pregnancy between the two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors of GDM,and the predictive value of each index was evalua-ted by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results:Compared with the control group,the pre-pregnancy BMI,the proportion of family history of diabetes and the level of FPG in early pregnancy were higher in the GDM group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the body fat mass(BFM)and body fat percentage(PBF)in the GDM group were increased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in other body composition indexes such as intracellular water(ICW),extracellular water(ECW),muscle mass(SLM)and FFM between the two groups(P＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI(OR=1.169),FPG level(OR=1.775),BFM(OR=1.247)and PBF(OR=1.190)were risk factors for GDM(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI and FPG,BFM and PBF levels in early pregnancy had certain predictive value for GDM,and their AUCs were 0.738,0.779,0.724 and 0.767,respectively,and the diagnostic AUC of FPG combined with PBF reached 0.854.Conclusion:FPG,body composition BFM and PBF in early pregnancy are risk factors for GDM,which can be used as indicators for early screening of GDM.