Objective:To investigate the efficacy of celecoxib combined with aripiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia and its effect on serum inflammatory factor levels.Methods:181 patients with schizophrenia were divided into control group(n=91)and observation group(n=90)according to different treatment methods.The control group was treated with aripiprazole and the observation group was treated with celecoxib combined with aripiprazole for a course of 8 weeks.Before and after treat-ment,the patients were assessed with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)and Repeatable Battery for the Assess-ment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS),and the levels of serum interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected.The efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results:Compared with the con-trol group,the total effective rate of the observation group was higher(94.44%vs.76.67%,P<0.05).After treatment,com-pared with the control group,the positive factor score,negative factor score and PANSS total score of the observation group were lower(P<0.05),and the RBANS score of the observation group was higher(P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group had lower serum IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α levels than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Celecoxib combined with aripiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia can improve the mental symptoms and cognitive function of patients,and the mechanism of impro-ving the curative effect may be related to the reduction of inflammation level.