Objective: To investigate the efficacy of budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol fumarate and budesonide/formoterol in treating patients with asthma complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 86 patients with asthma and COPD were selected and divided into group A and B according to different treatment methods, with 43 cases in each group. Patients in group A were treated with budesonide/formoterol, while those in group B were treated with budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol fumarate, both groups were treated for 3 months. The clinical efficacy, lung function [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC)], blood gas indicators [arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2)], inflammatory indicators [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 17 (IL-17), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels], biochemical indicators [fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels], and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate, FEV1, PaO2, FEV1/FVC, and SaO2, in group B were higher than those in group A, while PEF, hs-CRP, PaCO2, IL-17, MMP-9, FeNO, and total IgE levels were lower than those in group A (P0.05). Conclusion: Compared with budesonide/formoterol, budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol fumarate is more effective in treating asthma complicated with COPD. It can help improve pulmonary function, regulate FeNO and IgE levels, and relieve inflammatory response, with good safety.