Objective: To explore the effectiveness of combining quadratus lumborum block (QLB) with butorphanol for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in managing pain after cesarean delivery, and its impact on postoperative inflammation and the quality of recovery. Methods: A total of 98 parturients were divided into control group and QLB group according to different anesthesia methods, with 49 cases in each group. Both groups were given combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. After operation, the control group was given butorphanol PCIA, and the QLB group was given bilateral QLB (0.3% ropivacaine 20 mL injection) on the basis of the control group. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of pain was recorded from 4 to 48 h after operation. The use of PCIA at 24 h after operation was recorded. The levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured before and 24 hours after operation. The postoperative recovery and adverse reactions were compared. Results: After surgery, the VAS scores in the QLB group were lower than those in the control group at 2~24 hours (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the first time of pressing PCIA pump in the QLB group was delayed (P<0.05), and the number of effective pressing times and the dosage of butorphanol were reduced (P<0.05). 24 hours after surgery, the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the QLB group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the first anal exhaust time of the QLB group was earlier (P < 0.05), the postoperative hospital stay was shorter (P<0.05), the QoR-40 score was higher (P<0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: QLB combined with butorphanol can improve the analgesic effect after cesarean section, reduce postoperative pain, inhibit inflammation, and promote postoperative recovery quality.