Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of supernumerary teeth in children and their impact on the eruption of permanent teeth. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical features of 132 pediatric patients (184 supernumerary teeth) and their effect on the eruption of permanent teeth. Results: The majority of patients were aged 7~9 years (53.03%), with a higher prevalence in males (approximately 4∶1). Most cases had a single supernumerary tooth (61.36%), with the teeth predominantly located on the palatal side (80.43%), inverted (47.28%), and conical in shape (62.50%). Most supernumerary teeth were unerupted (76.63%). 32 teeth (17.39%) caused delayed eruption/impaction, 43 teeth (23.37%) led to displacement, 18 teeth (9.78%) caused rotation, and 31 teeth (16.85%) resulted in midline diastema. Supernumerary teeth located within the dental arch were more likely to cause rotation of permanent teeth (25.00%) (P < 0.05). The tuberculate type was more frequently associated with displacement (44.23%) and rotation (21.15%) of permanent teeth (P<0.05). In contrast, orientation, eruption status, and distance from the permanent tooth germ showed no statistically significant association with eruption abnormalities (P>0.05). Conclusion: Supernumerary teeth can lead to eruption abnormalities of permanent teeth. Early imaging screening and intervention are crucial for preventing malocclusion.