Objective: To analyze the risk factors for progression of visual field defects after micropulse laser trabeculoplasty (MLT) in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Methods: 90 patients (180 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who underwent MLT were selected. Based on progression of visual field defects at one year post-surgery, they were assigned to the progression group and the non-progression group. Clinical data of the two groups were collected and compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for progression of visual field defects after MLT. Results: The differences in gender, age, place of residence, body mass index (BMI), education level, drinking history, hypertension, smoking history, family history of glaucoma, history of glaucoma surgery, preoperative highest intraocular pressure, types of preoperative medications, status of cataract surgery, LogMAR visual acuity, central corneal thickness (CCT), and axial length between the two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05). The proportions of patients with diabetes, preoperative visual field stage 0~3, and severe damage in both superior and inferior retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) were higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group(P<0.05). Diabetes, preoperative visual field stage 0~3, and severe damage in both superior and inferior RNFL were risk factors for progression of visual field defects after MLT in patients with POAG (P<0.05). Conclusion: Diabetes, preoperative visual field stage 0~3, and severe damage in both superior and inferior RNFL are main risk factors for progression of visual field defects after MLT in patients with POAG, which deserves close attention in clinical practice