Objective:To compare the efficacy of autofluorescence imaging of cervical lesions(AFI)and colposcopy in the di-agnosis of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer,and evaluate their clinical application value.Methods:100 high-risk patients with cervical lesions were selected for diagnosis using AFI technology and colposcopy.The histopathological results were used as the gold standard to compare and analyze the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),and ac-curacy of the two methods.ROC curve analysis was used to compare the AUC differences between the two techniques,and the examina-tion time of the two detection techniques was recorded.Results:Among 100 high-risk patients with cervical lesions,histopathological di-agnosis showed 3 casesof cervical cancer,24 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(HSIL),29 cases of low-grade squa-mous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL),and 44 other cases.AFI testing showed 2 cases of cervical cancer,25 cases of HSIL,37 cases of LSIL,and 36 other cases,and vaginal examination showed 3 cases of cervical cancer,24 cases of HSIL,35 cases of LSIL,and 38 other cases.This study proposed that HSIL and above lesions(HSIL+)were positive,while LSIL and others were negative,there was no sta-tistically significant difference in sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV,accuracy and AUC of positive AFI diagnosis compared to colposcopy(P＞0.05).The average duration of AFI was(52.67±12.83)s,significantly shorter than that of colposcopy(272.46±38.44)s(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The diagnostic value of AFI for HSIL+is comparable to traditional colposcopy,and it has the advantages of easy operation,fast detection,and real-time visualization.It can be used as an auxiliary or supplementary tool for HSIL+screening.